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Pregnancy Complications

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Hyperemesis gravidarum is an extreme form of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy that goes beyond normal morning sickness. It can lead to dehydration, malnutrition, weight loss, and electrolyte imbalances if not properly managed.

Symptoms

Severe and persistent nausea and vomiting, Inability to keep food or fluids down, Weight loss (more than 5% of pre-pregnancy weight), Dehydration (dry mouth, dark urine, dizziness), Fatigue and weakness, Low blood pressure or rapid heartbeat.

Causes

Elevated levels of pregnancy hormones (hCG, estrogen), Multiple pregnancy (twins or more), Molar pregnancy (abnormal growth of placental tissue), Family history of hyperemesis gravidarum, First-time pregnancy or history of motion sickness/migraines.

Preventions

Eating small, frequent meals instead of large meals, Avoiding spicy, oily, and strong-smelling foods, Staying hydrated with sips of water or electrolyte solutions, Resting and reducing stress, Prenatal vitamins taken at night or with snacks (instead of on an empty stomach)

Treatments

Intravenous (IV) fluids for rehydration, Vitamin B6 and doxylamine (first-line treatment), Anti-nausea medications (ondansetron, metoclopramide), Hospitalization in severe cases for nutrition support, Nutritional therapy (high-calorie supplements if needed).

Home Remedies

Ginger tea or ginger candies (reduce nausea), Lemon water or sniffing lemon, Peppermint tea for calming the stomach, Eating dry crackers or toast before getting out of bed, Staying in a well-ventilated, cool environment.